About IVF

Number of antral follicles – AFC

Antral follicles are small follicles in the ovaries, with diameter of 2 mm, which could be detected by transvaginal ultrasound, and its number represents a very reliable test of ovarian reserve preservation. AFC means the sum of those follicles on both ovaries. The number of antral follicles, besides AMH test and the age of a women, represent the most accurate indicators of ovarian reserve, that correlates with reproductive potential of women and the chance for success of In vitro fertilization. The fewer antral follicles, the less ovarian reserve, and the less chance to get an adequate number of cells in the procedure of In vitro fertilization, and the lower is the chance of getting pregnant. AFC - Expected fertility potential, expressed through the opportunity to respond to ovaries stimulation process and IVF success: <4 The extremely low number; it is expected to be very weak or no response to ovaries stimulation, followed by the high risk of a failure. Alternative options should be considered. 4-6 Low number; a small number of cells in the ovaries stimulation process is expected to be obtained, with the high-dose of drugs. Higher chance of failure and less likely to become pregnant. 7-10 Discreetly lower number. It is expected discreetly lower ovarian response and less chance of success of IVF. 11-15 Average - normal number. Sometimes weaker, but generally good response to stimulation with a good, although yet not the best chance of IVF success. 16-30 Good - regular number. An excellent response to stimulation is expected, even with the use of lower doses of the hormone based drugs. A great chance for pregnancy. >30 Very high number, characteristic for polycystic ovary syndrome. Mostly a very high response with a low doses of hormone based drugs, but with a high risk of hyper stimulation. Very good chance of becoming pregnant.

Age and reproductive function

Unfortunately, older reproductive age today represents the biggest challenge and the biggest problem which couple with infertility problem is facing with, in which a medicine is not and probably never will be able to find a solution.

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Anti-Mullerian hormone – AMH

Anti-Mullerian hormone - AMH represents one of the basic, the most commonly used tests, or indicators of ovarian reserve. In biological terms, AMH is a glycoprotein of transforming growth factor (TGF) beta superfamily, and in the women is produced exclusively in granulosa cells, prenatal and small antral follicles. Anti-Mullerian hormone gene is located on chromosome 19.

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Diminished ovarian reserve

Although some women have preserved ovarian reserve for the long period of time (although the chances of pregnancy after the age of 40 are not particularly good), in a certain number of women, ovarian reserve is exhausted earlier than in natural flow due to some genetic predispositions, certain systemic diseases, as well as a variety of other diseases, primarily endometriosis, and previous operations on ovaries.

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The tests for ovarian reserve preservation status

The tests for ovarian reserve preservation status are all diagnostic procedures with which we assess and quantify the state of ovarian reserve or ovarian functional capacity. These are all procedures that a doctor conducts in order to gain insight into the ovary conditions, and to determine the best therapeutic plan for further treatment.

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Number of antral follicles – AFC determination

Antral follicles are small follicles in the ovaries, with diameter of 2 mm, which can be detected by transvaginal ultrasound and the number of which is a very reliable test of ovarian reserve preservation. AFC means the number of those follicles on both ovaries.

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The first regional and one of the few in Europe Air Factory for IVF laboratory,
which provides the best possible conditions and a chance for success.


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  • Get in touch

Ferona | Contact

    Šarplaninska 19
    21000 Novi Sad
    Serbia
    office@feronaivf.com
    +381 69 300 87 40